What is oxidation quizlet?
What is oxidation quizlet?
Oxidation is the loss of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion. Oxidation occurs when the oxidation state of a molecule, atom or ion is increased. Here, oxidation is loss of hydrogen, while reduction is the gain of hydrogen.
What is called oxidation?
Oxidation is the loss of electrons during a reaction by a molecule, atom or ion. Oxidation occurs when the oxidation state of a molecule, atom or ion is increased. The opposite process is called reduction, which occurs when there is a gain of electrons or the oxidation state of an atom, molecule, or ion decreases.
What is oxidation in a chemical reaction?
Technically speaking, oxidation is a chemical reaction in which a molecule, atom or ion loses electrons. Oxidation is a half reaction which cannot occur on its own. It must always be accompanied by reduction, which is a chemical reaction in which a molecule, atom or ion gains electrons.
Does oxidation gain or lose oxygen?
The terms oxidation and reduction can be defined in terms of the adding or removing oxygen to a compound. while this is not the most robust definition, as discussed below, it is the easiest to remember. Oxidation is the gain of oxygen. Reduction is the loss of oxygen.
How do you prevent lipid oxidation in food?
Synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ethoxyquin (EQ), have been used for many years to stop lipid oxidation in foods and feeds (Błaszczyk et al., 2013).
How does lipid oxidation occur?
Lipid oxidation can occur by either enzymatic or nonenzymatic catalysis. Nonenzymatic reaction mechanisms can involve catalysis by H2O2, heme iron from myoglobin, nonheme iron, or salts. Antioxidants (e.g., nitrite, ascorbic acid, phenols, or alpha-tocopherol) are effective lipid oxidation inhibitors.
What is oxidation in meat?
Lipid oxidation in meats is a process whereby polyunsaturated fatty acid react with reactive oxygen species leading to a series of secondary reactions which in turn lead to degradation of lipids and development of oxidative rancidity.
How do you control lipid oxidation?
Lipid oxidation can be controlled by preventing the formation of lipid hydroperoxides and free radicals, or by scavenging the free radicals generated in food systems.
What is the difference between peroxidation and oxidation?
As nouns the difference between oxidation and peroxidation is that oxidation is the combination of a substance with oxygen while peroxidation is (chemistry) any oxidation reaction, especially of an oxide, that produces a peroxide.
What is lipid oxidation in food?
Abstract and Figures. | Lipid oxidation is a major cause of deterioration in the quality of food and food products. Oxidation can occur in both triglycerides and phospholipids of food because lipids are divided into two main classes; polar lipids (phospholipids) and neutral lipids (triglycerides).
What is the initial phase of lipid oxidation called?
Oxidation involves three stages: initiation, propagation and termination (Figure 1). In the initiation stage, a free radical attacks the lipid, abstracting an allyl hydrogen atom and generating an allylic radical (R n *).
Is lipid peroxidation good or bad?
Enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to tissue dysfunction and damage in a number of pathological conditions. Therefore, products of lipid oxidation can extend and propagate the responses and injury initiated by ROS. …
How is lipid peroxidation detected?
Tests. Certain diagnostic tests are available for the quantification of the end-products of lipid peroxidation, to be specific, malondialdehyde (MDA). The most commonly used test is called a TBARS Assay (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay).
How free radicals are formed?
A molecule with one or more unpaired electron in its outer shell is called a free radical (1-5). Free radicals are formed from molecules via the breakage of a chemical bond such that each fragment keeps one electron, by cleavage of a radical to give another radical and, also via redox reactions (1, 2).
What kills free radicals in the body?
Antioxidants are chemicals that interact with and neutralize free radicals, thus preventing them from causing damage. Antioxidants are also known as “free radical scavengers.” The body makes some of the antioxidants that it uses to neutralize free radicals.
How do you control free radicals?
Top 10 foods to fight free radicals
- 1 Whole cereals.
- 2 Pulses as often as possible, even every day.
- 3 At least 6 portions of vegetables and fruit every day.
- 4 Raw vegetable oil.
- 5 Adequate cooking.
- 6 Fish is better than meat.
- 7 Red wine is better than white (just a glass at every meal)
- 8 Tea and coffee (if you don’t suffer from heart diseases)
What is the most powerful antioxidant food?
showed that pomegranate juice contains the highest antioxidant capacity compared with other juices, red wine, green tea, tomatoes, vitamin E, and other sources of antioxidants.
Does emotional stress cause oxidative stress?
It is thus suggested that psychological stress is associated with increased oxidant production and oxidative damage, and thus long-term exposure to psychological stressors may enhance the risk of many diseases (5,9).