What does BP time mean?

What does BP time mean?

Before Present

What does KB stand for in biology?

Kilo-base pair

What is the difference between adenosine and deoxyadenosine?

Deoxyadenosine (symbol dA or dAdo) is a deoxyribonucleoside. It is a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine, differing from the latter by the replacement of a hydroxyl group (-OH) by hydrogen (-H) at the 2′ position of its ribose sugar moiety.

How are nucleosides formed?

Nucleosides are typically synthesized through the coupling of a nucleophilic pyrimidine, purine, or other basic heterocycle with a derivative of ribose or deoxyribose that is electrophilic at the anomeric carbon.

What is the meaning of phosphodiester bond?

In DNA and RNA, the phosphodiester bond is the linkage between the 3′ carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5′ carbon atom of another, deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA. Strong covalent bonds form between the phosphate group and two 5-carbon ring carbohydrates (pentoses) over two ester bonds.

How do you break a phosphodiester bond?

A variety of enzymes break phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids; deoxyribonucleases (DNases) cleave DNA and ribonucleases (RNases) cleave RNA. DNases usually are specific for single- or double-stranded DNA although some DNases can cleave both.

Are glycosidic bonds covalent?

A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of covalent bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.

What are polynucleotides?

A polynucleotide molecule is a biopolymer composed of 13 or more nucleotide monomers covalently bonded in a chain. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are examples of polynucleotides with distinct biological function.

What are the three types of pyrimidines?

In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).