What do you mean by homologous chromosome?

What do you mean by homologous chromosome?

A pair of chromosomes made up of two homologs. Homologous chromosomes have corresponding DNA sequences and come from separate parents; one homolog comes from the mother and the other comes from the father. Homologous chromosomes line up and synapse during meiosis.

Are all of your chromosomes fully homologous?

Are all of your chromosomes fully homologous? What is meant by diploid organisms? All body cells contain pairs of homologous chromosomes.

Are the two chromosomes in this diagram homologous?

Are the two chromosomes in this diagram homologous? Briefly explain your answer either way. No, they are clearly not homologous simply because they are not the same size.

How many chromosomes are in this cell?

46

Why do chromosomes duplicate?

Within your body, cells continually reproduce to make new cells that will replace old ones. The dividing mother cell must also provide both daughter cells with a full set of chromosomes, not half a set. To do this, the mother cell must duplicate its chromosomes before cellular division.

What happens when a chromosome is duplicated?

In chromosomal duplications, extra copies of a chromosomal region are formed, resulting in different copy numbers of genes within that area of the chromosome.

Are genes found in DNA?

Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.

How is genetic information stored in DNA?

Genetic information is stored in the sequence of bases along a nucleic acid chain. The bases have an additional special property: they form specific pairs with one another that are stabilized by hydrogen bonds. The base pairing results in the formation of a double helix, a helical structure consisting of two strands.

Are genes on both strands of DNA?

Both strands of DNA can encode genes (though the coding sequence of one gene will always be on one strand). Anti-codons refer to segments of tRNA molecules, not parts of a gene. Transcription will often occur from both strands of the DNA at a particular locus producing a sense transcript and an anti-sense transcript.