How is DNA information used to make proteins?
How is DNA information used to make proteins?
First, enzymes read the information in a DNA molecule and transcribe it into an intermediary molecule called messenger ribonucleic acid, or mRNA. Next, the information contained in the mRNA molecule is translated into the “language” of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
How is genetic information expressed in cells?
Gene expression is the process the cell uses to produce the molecule it needs by reading the genetic code written in the DNA. To do this, the cell interprets the genetic code, and for each group of three letters it adds one of the 20 different amino acids that are the basic units needed to build proteins.
In what form does a gene carry information?
DNA and RNA are long linear polymers, called nucleic acids, that carry information in a form that can be passed from one generation to the next.
What is the correct order of organization for genetic information?
From the above explanation it is clear that the series of organisation of genetic material from largest to smallest is Genome, Chromosome, Gene, Nucleotide which is given in the option D. Thus, the correct answer is option D i.e., Genome, Chromosome, Gene, Nucleotide.
What is the correct order of Organisation?
Cells are grouped into tissues, tissues are grouped into organs, different organs are grouped into organ systems and many organ systems come together to form complex organisms like human beings.
What is the correct order of genetic material from smallest to largest?
The correct answer: According to the order from smallest to largest, the order will be: Nucleotide, Gene, DNA, Chromatin, Chromatid, Chromosome.
Which correctly describes crossing over?
Answer. Crossing over is the process whereby homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
Is nucleus smaller than DNA?
The amounts of DNA found in mitochondria and chloroplasts are much smaller than the amount found in the nucleus. In bacteria and other prokaryotes, most of the DNA is found in a central region of the cell called the nucleoid, which functions similarly to a nucleus but is not surrounded by a membrane.
What is the smallest genetic material?
Researchers now say that a symbiotic bacterium called Carsonella ruddii, which lives off sap-feeding insects, has taken the record for smallest genome with just 159,662 ‘letters’ (or base pairs) of DNA and 182 protein-coding genes.
How small is Gene?
Most of the genes are relatively small covering a genomic region of about 3 kb. The average gene contains 6.4 coding exons accounting for about 26% of the genome. Most exons are small and separated by small introns. The median size of exons is 123 bases, while the most common size for introns is 47 bases.
What does guanine always bind with?
cytosine