How do I read my urine test results?
How do I read my urine test results?
Dipstick test
- Acidity (pH). The pH level indicates the amount of acid in urine.
- Concentration. A measure of concentration, or specific gravity, shows how concentrated particles are in your urine.
- Protein. Low levels of protein in urine are normal.
- Sugar.
- Ketones.
- Bilirubin.
- Evidence of infection.
- Blood.
What does it mean if you have bacteria in your urine?
Urinary tract infections are caused by microorganisms — usually bacteria — that enter the urethra and bladder, causing inflammation and infection. Though a UTI most commonly happens in the urethra and bladder, bacteria can also travel up the ureters and infect your kidneys.
What is the normal range for urinalysis?
According to the American Association for Clinical Chemistry, the average value for urine pH is 6.0, but it can range from 4.5 to 8.0. Urine under 5.0 is acidic, and urine higher than 8.0 is alkaline, or basic. Different laboratories may have different ranges for “normal” pH levels.
What does it mean when you test positive for leukocytes and negative for nitrite?
If Leukocytes test is positive and Nitrite test is positive: results suggest UTI. If Leukocytes test is positive but Nitrite test is negative: results suggest UTI, repeat test, if Leukocytes still positive, consult healthcare provider.
What does it mean if you test positive for leukocytes in your urine?
An increased number of WBCs seen in the urine under a microscope and/or positive test for leukocyte esterase may indicate an infection or inflammation somewhere in the urinary tract. If also seen with bacteria (see below), they indicate a likely urinary tract infection.
What is considered a high level of leukocytes in urine?
Diagnosis. If you’re healthy, you can still have elevated leukocytes in your bloodstream and urine. A normal range in the bloodstream is between 4,WBCs per microliter. A normal range in the urine is lower than in the blood, and may be from 0-5 WBCs per high power field (wbc/hpf).
How do you treat high leukocytes in urine?
Treatment for leukocytes in the urine depends on the cause and if there is an infection. For some conditions, such as a bacterial UTI, antibiotic therapy will clear up the infection relatively quickly. For more severe infections or those that will not resolve easily, more in-depth medical treatment may be needed.
Do leukocytes in urine always mean infection?
If your doctor tests your urine and finds too many leukocytes, it could be a sign of infection. Leukocytes are white blood cells that help your body fight germs. When you have more of these than usual in your urine, it’s often a sign of a problem somewhere in your urinary tract.
Can leukocytes in urine mean STD?
Lower UTIs and many STIs have overlapping symptomatology, including the traditional UTI symptoms of dysuria, frequency, and urgency. In addition, abnormal urinalysis (UA) findings of positive leukocyte esterase and pyuria are common in both UTIs and STIs (3–6).
How accurate is azo UTI test?
HOW ACCURATE ARE AZO TEST STRIPS? AZO Test Strips have the same test pads as the tests used by most doctors. Our Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Test Strips when compared to another commercial test showed 94.4% accuracy for the Leukocyte test and 98.4% for the Nitrite Test.
What is a trace of leukocytes in urine?
Leukocyte esterase is a screening test used to detect a substance that suggests there are white blood cells in the urine. This may mean you have a urinary tract infection. If this test is positive, the urine should be examined under a microscope for white blood cells and other signs that point to an infection.
Do leukocytes in urine mean yeast infection?
Do not send urine for culture unless resident has symptoms of an infection. Positive leukocyte esterase and/or nitrites may indicate the presence of white blood cells (WBCs) or bacteria in the urine (bacteriuria), but it does not confirm that there is an infection.
What does it mean when you have leukocytes in urine but no nitrite?
Leukocytes in the urine without nitrite If the test for leukocyte esterase is positive but finds no nitrite, an infection may still be present. The test is particular to certain bacterial enzymes, which means it can pick up specific bacterial infections with more certainty.
What does trace mean in urine test?
Protein is present in the blood; healthy kidneys should only filter tiny (trace) amounts into the urine as most protein molecules are too large for the filters (glomeruli). It is not usual to lose protein in the urine. When this does happen it is known as ‘Proteinuria’.
Is a trace of blood in urine anything to worry about?
While in many instances the cause is harmless, blood in urine (hematuria) can indicate a serious disorder. Blood that you can see is called gross hematuria. Urinary blood that’s visible only under a microscope (microscopic hematuria) is found when your doctor tests your urine.
Is trace of protein in urine bad?
Protein in your urine is often a sign of kidney disease. Your kidneys are not supposed to let a lot of protein pass into your urine. If your kidney filters are not working properly, then proteins such as albumin may spill from your blood into your pee.
How do you treat trace protein in urine?
Proteinuria treatment
- Dietary changes. If you have kidney disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure, a doctor will recommend specific diet changes.
- Weight loss. Losing weight can manage conditions that impair kidney function.
- Blood pressure medication.
- Diabetes medication.
- Dialysis.
Can dehydration affect protein in urine?
When your body loses large amounts of protein in the urine, it can be because of dehydration, strenuous exercise, fever, or exposure to cold temperatures. Extra protein in the urine can also be a sign of serious diseases. These include: Kidney diseases.
What is considered high protein in urine?
The amount of protein present in the urine sample excreted over 24-hours is used to diagnose the condition. More than 2 g of protein is considered to be severe and is likely to be caused by glomerular malfunction.
Why is there lots of bubbles in my urine?
You might be more likely to have foamy urine if you have a full bladder, which can make your urine stream more forceful and faster. The urine can also get foamy if it’s more concentrated, which can occur due to dehydration or pregnancy. Protein in the urine can also cause foaminess and is usually due to kidney disease.
Are bubbles in Pee normal?
The appearance of a single layer of larger bubbles upon voiding, that quickly dissipate, can be considered normal. Traditionally, foamy urine has been considered by physicians, as well as by patients, as a marker of proteinuria.
Can a UTI cause bubbles in urine?
Pneumaturia can indicate a UTI, as the bacteria create bubbles in your urine stream. Another common cause is a fistula. This is a passage between organs in your body that doesn’t belong there. A fistula between your bowel and your bladder can bring bubbles into your urine stream.