What are the consequentialist theories?

Consequentialism is a theory that suggests an action is good or bad depending on its outcome. An action that brings about more benefit than harm is good, while an action that causes more harm than benefit is not. The most famous version of this theory is Utilitarianism.

What are key features of utilitarianism?

Utilitarians believe that the purpose of morality is to make life better by increasing the amount of good things (such as pleasure and happiness) in the world and decreasing the amount of bad things (such as pain and unhappiness).

What are key features of ethical egoism?

Ethical egoism is the view that people ought to pursue their own self-interest, and no one has any obligation to promote anyone else’s interests. It is thus a normative or prescriptive theory: it is concerned with how people ought to behave.

What is the difference between a consequentialist theory and a non consequentialist theory?

A consequentialist theory of value judges the rightness or wrongness of an action based on the consequences that action has. A non-consequentialist theory of value judges the rightness or wrongness of an action based on properties intrinsic to the action, not on its consequences.

What are non-consequentialist theories?

Nonconsequentialism is a type of normative ethical theory that denies that the rightness or wrongness of our conduct is determined solely by the goodness or badness of the consequences of our acts or of the rules to which those acts conform.

What is the basic difference between consequential and non-consequentialist ethical theories?

A consequentialist would say that killing X is justified because it would result in only 1 person dying, rather than 10 people dying. A non-consequentialist would say it is inherently wrong to murder people and refuse to kill X, even though not killing X leads to the death of 9 more people than killing X.

What is an example of non Consequentialism?

Non-Consequentialist Theories do not always ignore consequences. For example, some of Ross’s prima facie duties (non-injury and beneficence, for instance) are directly related to promoting good consequences or minimizing bad ones, but others (fidelity, gratitude, justice) are not.

What is a moral theory?

What, then, is a moral theory? A theory is a structured set of statements used to explain (or predict) a set of facts or concepts. Ý A moral theory, then, explains why a certain action is wrong — or why we ought to act in certain ways. ÝÝ In short, it is a theory of how we determine right and wrong conduct.

What are the five theories of moral status?

There are a number of moral theories: utilitarianism, Kantianism, virtue theory, the four principles approach and casuistry. Utilitarians think that the point of morality is to maximize the amount of happiness that we produce from every action.

What are the three major moral theories?

These three theories of ethics (utilitarian ethics, deontological ethics, virtue ethics) form the foundation of normative ethics conversations.

How do we determine moral accountability?

The simplest formula is that a person can be held accountable if (1) the person is functionally and/or morally responsible for an action, (2) some harm occurred due to that action, and (3) the responsible person had no legitimate excuse for the action.

What are the three components of a moral argument?

But a moral argument must comprise a clear utterance of a moral principle; a clear presentation of the foundations for that principle’s moral authority; and a process of practical reasoning that makes it possible to pass from the principle invoked in the moral utterance to a concrete situation.

Which of the following best summarizes how do you evaluate moral theories?

Which of the following BEST summarizes how to evaluate moral theories? First, evaluate the theory for coherence. Consequentialist theories consider actions to be good when they produce good consequences. Different consequentialist theories specify different kinds of consequences as being good consequences.

What are the factors that affects your moral behavior?

Moral development is strongly influenced by interpersonal factors, such as family, peers, and culture. Intrapersonal factors also impact moral development, such as cognitive changes, emotions, and even neurodevelopment.

How do emotions affect learning?

Emotion has a substantial influence on the cognitive processes in humans, including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving. Emotion also facilitates encoding and helps retrieval of information efficiently. …

How do emotions affect thinking?

Positive affect has the potential to improve creative thinking, while negative affect narrows thinking and has the potential to adversely affect performance on simple tasks. Emotions are the product of changes in the affective system brought about by sensory information stimulation.